Mauritius is a sovereign democratic state and is a member of the United Nations, of the Commonwealth and of the Francophonie. Historically, Mauritius basically remained an uninhabited island until the 17th century when it was colonised firstly by the Dutch, then by the French and subsequently by the British.
The written Constitution of the Republic of Mauritius is based on the doctrine of separation of powers. The Constitution clearly sets out the separation of powers among the Legislative, the Executive and the Judiciary.
The legal profession in Mauritius is divided into barristers, attorneys and notaries. Barristers specialise in advocacy and consultancy. Attorneys are mostly involved in the procedural aspect of litigation whereas notaries deal mainly with conveyancing and succession.
As in several countries litigation may sometimes take time and parties may agree to submit any disputes that may arise between themselves to arbitration. A Permanent Arbitration Court was established in 1996 under the aegis of the Mauritius Chamber of Commerce and Industry.